• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A large rotating drum used in the food industry, especially as a cooker, dryer, cooler and comprising at least two rolling rings and resting on at least four supporting rollers, is driven in a constant and stable manner via the motorized supporting rollers by asynchronous electric motors at preferably by at least four asynchronous electric motors, each of the carrier rollers on which the rotating drum rests.
    公开号:BE1025111B1
    申请号:E2017/0122
    申请日:2017-09-07
    公开日:2018-10-26
    发明作者:Clef Etienne Le
    申请人:N.V. Desmet Ballestra Engineering S.A. Naamloze Vennootschap；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Rotating drum driven by asynchronous electric motors
    The invention relates to a rotating drum of relatively large dimensions and is particularly suitable for use as a rotating cooker, dryer or cooler which is useful, for example, in the food industry and especially in the vegetable oil sector.
    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    Rotating drum is used for all kinds of applications, such as cookers, as coolers, as dryers, or as mixers, not only in the food industry but also for the processing and manufacture of mineral materials such as cement. Rotating drum that is mainly used in the food industry can have a large internal volume, often larger than 100 m3. This invention is particularly advantageous for large rotating drums used in the food industry.
    The large rotating drums currently used in the food industry usually rest on four freely rotating carrier rollers and are driven by a motorized gear that drives a large integral gear. This transmission mechanism is expensive to manufacture because the crown is a precision piece of large size and must withstand major mechanical stresses. As a result, this crown can represent up to 15% of the price of the rotating drum. In addition, the gear transmission requires long-term methodical lubrication. The biggest disadvantage of this type of transfer, however, is the need to precisely align it. Despite systematic lubrication and alignment, it is impossible to prevent natural and regular wear of the roller ring and rollers. Wear of approximately a few mm in ten years is to be expected, so that the tension between the pinion and the largest wheel can lead to material breakage.
    Another disadvantage of the gear transmission system is the requirement to completely stop the operation of the rotating drum in the event of failure of one of the transmission elements. For example, if the powertrain or the electric motor or the reduction gear fails, the rotating drum must be stopped, resulting in significant loss of productivity and possible loss of the product present in the rotating drum. In addition, the machines must also stop upstream and downstream of the rotating drum in most cases. In fact, in most situations, the entire production line must stop when a single element in the transmission system of a conventional rotating drum fails. This is particularly harmful for industrial processes where natural resources are relatively fragile and sensitive to long-term exposure to heat.
    The most common type of rotating drum is provided with two treads or rings that extend over the entire circumference of the rotating drum, are attached to the outer walls and are distributed axially and symmetrically with respect to the center of gravity of the drum rotation. Each rolling belt races on two free-rotating rollers which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the central longitudinal axis of the drum rotation.
    There are also rotating drums that are equipped with more than two treads or rolling rings. The present invention will benefit any type of rotating drum with at least two treads or rolling rings.
    In summary, the rotating drive of these large rotating drums is realized by a motorized gear that engages the largest gear, which in turn is attached to the outer walls of the rotating drum. The gear is driven by an electric motor connected to a reduction gear. This drive unit not only requires technically demanding and expensive components, but also leads to considerable lubrication and maintenance costs. The failure of a single element of the transmission system can result in the complete shutdown of the production line.
    To at least partially solve these disadvantages, European patent EP 0 570 696 B2 describes a rotating drum that is not provided with a driving crown but with at least one motorized supporting roller.
    Nevertheless, our experiments have shown that this solution works less well when the motorized support rollers are driven by a synchronous electric motor. However, the latter is in fact the most logical motor, since it is the most economical and designed to work with a constant rotation speed, an absolute necessity for a rotating drum. Nevertheless, when synchronous electric motors are used to drive the support rollers, irregular operation is observed, especially with premature wear of one or more motorized rollers, leading to a non-constant speed of rotation and rapid and uncontrolled wear of the rolling rings and motorized carrier rollers. This observation is made even when the four supporting rollers are separately driven by a synchronous electric motor.
    Despite the advantages of the above technique, the drive of the rotating drums is still largely unsatisfactory. Accordingly, the object of the invention is to describe a large rotating drum (with a volume greater than 100 m 3), which is distinguished by a continuous economic and reliable operation without slipping of the motorized carrier rollers.
    Brief description of the invention
    Surprisingly, the observation that a large rotating drum can be satisfactorily rotated, ie constant and stable, by means of the motorized carriers, if the drive rollers are driven by asynchronous electric motors, preferably by at least four asynchronous electric motors, each one of drive the at least four supporting rollers on which the drum rests. Therefore, the gear transmission is superfluous and the construction, use and maintenance of the rotating drum as described by this invention is more economical. Moreover, the rotating drum, as described by this invention, is also more robust and reliable and remains usable even in the event of a failure of one of the four asynchronous electric motors. A single frequency controller controls the asynchronous electric motors. Preferably, each asynchronous electric motor is coupled to a reduction box.
    To summarize, the invention can be described as a large rotating drum used in the food industry, especially as a cooker, dryer or cooler and comprises at least two rolling rings and rests on at least four support rollers, driven in a constant and stable manner is becoming.
    Furthermore, the invention can be described as a large rotating drum as previously described, possibly provided with a single frequency controller which controls the asynchronous electric motors.
    In addition, the invention can be described as a large rotating drum as described above, wherein each asynchronous electric motor is provided with a reducer in direct connection with the supporting roller it drives.
    Furthermore, the invention can be described as a large rotating drum as described above, wherein each rolling ring and each supporting roller are made from hardened steel.
    Moreover, the invention can be described as a large rotating drum as described above, wherein no lubrication is required between the rollers and the motorized carrier rollers.
    Furthermore, the invention can be described as a large rotating drum as described above, wherein the coupling of at least two supporting rollers in contact with the same roller ring contains at least one chain or belt or gear or other known coupling means.
    Figures
    Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the rotating drum according to the invention supported on 4 carrier rollers, each driven by an asynchronous electric motor coupled to a reduction box.
    Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rotating drum according to the invention, which is supported on 4 carrier rollers, each of which is rotated by an asynchronous electric motor coupled to a reduction gear.
    Definitions
    Rotating drum: a rotating drum consists of a substantially cylindrical metal casing and has at least two cylindrical roller rings.
    Large rotating drum: A large rotating drum specifically corresponds to a drum with an internal volume of more than 100 m3.
    Roller rings: Metal elements integral with the shell of the rotating drum, of substantially cylindrical shape and preferably made of hardened steel. This element is also referred to as "tread".
    The invention will now be described in detail with reference to Figures 1 and 2.
    According to the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the rotating drum comprises a substantially cylindrical shell (1) provided with at least two rolling bands (2) and (3) on the circumference of the rotating drum sleeve. The two rolling rings (2) and (3) are preferably placed parallel to a center plane (4) which is perpendicular to the central axis (5) of the rotating drum. The rotating drum assembly is supported and rotated by motorized carrier rollers (6, 7, 8, 9) in contact with the two bearing rings (2, 3). Each support roller is driven by an asynchronous electric motor coupled to a gear unit without coupling. These motors and reduction boxes are not shown in Figures 1 and 2. The supporting rollers and rolling rings are preferably made from hardened steel. Nevertheless, the invention is not specifically limited to these materials. The rotational speed of a rotating drum is low, usually less than 5 revolutions per minute. Therefore, no heating or rapid wear due to friction is observed. Consequently, the direct metal-metal contact between the motorized carrier rollers and the roller rings is preferred. Some lubrication is unnecessary and undesirable. Nevertheless, the surfaces of the rolling rings and of the supporting rollers are intended to come into contact with each other. A smooth surface is preferably desired.
    Figure 2 shows a cross section along the plane 4 of Figure 1 of the large rotating drum described by the present invention. The shell (1) of the rotating drum surrounded by one of the at least two roller rings (2), supported by two of the at least four support rollers (6, 7), can be found therein. These are preferably arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of gravity of the rotating drum.
    It has been observed that the use of asynchronous electric motors to drive the carrier rollers on which the rotating drum rests is particularly effective for transmitting the transmission torque in a variable manner and adapted to the structural imperfections of the rotating drum. Indeed, a large rotating drum with an internal volume of for example 200 m ’has an external length of approximately 24 meters and an outside diameter of approximately 4 meters. It is easy to understand that the construction of a rotating drum of such a dimension is not perfect and, for example, is not perfectly cylindrical. When a large rotating drum rotates on four carrier rollers, it is therefore possible that it does not rest for a long time, or with less force on one of the carrier rollers. If this supporting roller is driven by a constant torque synchronous electric motor, this supporting roller will slide, representing an important and harmful interference to the transmission system. The danger of skidding is indeed at the same time damage to the motor, the gearbox, the support roller, the roller ring and finally the rotating drum. This situation is also disadvantageous for a constant rotation of the rotating drum and therefore for its functionality.
    On the contrary, it has been found that a large rotating drum has never had a constant rotational speed when it was set in motion by means of four carrier rollers which themselves were synchronized by an electric motor. This observation is particularly surprising because it is theoretically the most favorable configuration. Indeed, a synchronous electric motor is designed to run at constant speed and should therefore be suitable for this application. This observation is not mentioned by the state of the art, in particular by European patent EP 0 570 696 B2. This particularly damaged situation has been completely solved by using an asynchronous electric motor to drive the support rollers on which the rotating drum rests. Indeed, surprisingly, the drive torque is automatically adjusted to the situation and no play of the support rollers is observed. The use of an asynchronous motor is also preferable during maintenance work or in the event of failure of one of the four transmissions, whether it is a defect of one of the asynchronous motors or one of the reduction boxes. Indeed, it has been established that the rotating drum can continue to rotate despite being effectively driven by only three of the four asynchronous motors. Consequently, a repair of one of the transmissions can be considered while maintaining the rotation and hence the use of the rotating drum. In addition, the rotating drum can continue to operate normally for a considerable period or during preventive maintenance. This robustness and versatility is not observed when the electric motors are synchronous with constant torque, because more slip is observed when one of the four transmissions is no longer in use.
    The rotating drum as described by this invention is also advantageous for the management of spare parts. Because the transmission is supplied by four small asynchronous motors and four identical small reduction boxes, it is sufficient to have one single motor and one single reduction box in reserve to ensure the constant operation of the rotating drum. Since this reduces the necessary spare parts, the investment is limited.
    Another aspect is that the conventional drive with gears requires considerably more maintenance costs.
    It is also possible to envisage only two motors with a gearbox, each driving the two rollers of each tread by means of a chain or belt.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    Cmidusion:
    1. A large rotating drum used in the food industry, especially as a coûta:, dryer or cooler, and soot at least two rolling rings and rest on at least four supporting rollers., Run in a constant and stable manner via t> k '<mnreiolkn <ed <î <i »di om <>. Untwit. > ut «os * nensoe jeJs« <P eu ùm ttit 'w © ·' uu igrkfon ddrovelw '' eggs that drive each of the carrier rails on which the rotating drum rests.
    [2]
    2, The large rotating drum as described by d <<. * conclusion provided with a single frequency converter which drives the asynchronous motors. The large rotating drum according to the preceding claims, wherein each asynchronous electric motor is provided with an editorial cabinet in a direct connection and supporting role which drives it.
    [3]
    The large rotating drum, as driven by the preceding claims, the rotation of which remains constant and stable, even in the case of talm of one of at least four asynchronous electric motors. The large rotating to a large extent described by the preceding claims, wherein each stirring each support roller is made from hardened steel. (>. The large rotating drum such as hesclirevea through the preceding eons, where no lubrication is required between the roller rings and the gni-texonic carriers).
    [4]
    7. The large rotating drum according to the preceding claims, wherein a coupling of at least two carrier rollers is in contact with the same roller ring.
    [5]
    The large rotating bomb of claim 7S wherein the clutch includes at least one chain or belt or a sprocket or any other known clutch means.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BE1025111B9|2018-12-05|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB611134A|1945-04-23|1948-10-26|Torkapp R Ab|Improved drive for rotary drums, furnaces and the like|
    US4797002A|1986-06-23|1989-01-10|Standard Havens, Inc.|Apparatus for mixing asphalt compositions|
    US5607232A|1995-12-13|1997-03-04|Dahl; Joel M.|Asphalt plant drum drive|
    US20030048968A1|2000-05-22|2003-03-13|Reinhard Korting|Supporting roller set for tiltable support of a rotary drum|
    CN204648867U|2015-05-28|2015-09-16|陕西科技大学|A kind of thalline waste residue three-pass rotary drum drying equipment|
    CN205536982U|2016-04-21|2016-08-31|陈美莲|Rotary drum drying -machine for food processing|CN112378201A|2020-11-13|2021-02-19|贵州斛多福食品有限公司|Dendrobii officmalis caulis dissection processing drying device|
    法律状态:
    2018-12-07| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20181026 |
    2021-06-18| MM| Lapsed because of non-payment of the annual fee|Effective date: 20200930 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    BE20170122A|BE1025111B9|2017-09-07|2017-09-07|Rotating drum driven by asynchronous electric motors|BE20170122A| BE1025111B9|2017-09-07|2017-09-07|Rotating drum driven by asynchronous electric motors|
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